Confronting Iran
Critical perspectives on the current crisis, its origins, and implications
Updated 11 April 2009
(First compiled February 2007)
(First compiled February 2007)
Ever a 'Threat,' Never an Atomic Power, Iran Points Up Challenges of Nuclear Technology
Charles Hanley. The Associated Press, 27 February 2006.
Iran Can't Shake the Sanctions Shackle
Kaveh L Afrasiabi. Asia Times, 26 February 2008.
Disinformation Flies as US Raises Iran Bar
Kaveh L Afrasiabi. Asia Times, 21 February 2008.
U.S. Finds Iran Halted Its Nuclear Arms Effort in 2003
Mark Mazzetti. The New York Times, 03 December 2007. (See NIE below).
Iran: Nuclear Intentions and Capabilities
National Intelligence Estimate, November 2007. Released 03 December 2007 (.pdf file).
Evidence on Iran Doesn't Seem to Matter
Gwynne Dyer. The Japan Times, 24 November 2007.
A Witches' Brew? Evaluating Iran's Uranium-Enrichment Progress
David Albright and Jacqueline Shire. Arms Control Today, November 2007.
European Missile Defense: Assessing Iran's ICBM Capabilities
Dinshaw Mistry. Arms Control Today, Arms Control Association, October 2007.
A Brave New World of Iran-IAEA Cooperation
Kaveh L. Afrasiabi. Asia Times, 18 July 2007.
Iran's Nuclear Programme
International Institute for Strategic Studies, April 2007.
The Iranian Petroleum Crisis and United States National Security
Roger Stern. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 02 January 2007 (.pdf file).
Iran and the Bomb
Norman Dombey. London Review of Books, 25 January 2007.
Articles by Michael Spies of the Lawyers' Committee on Nuclear Policy.
UN Security Council Escalates Nuclear Situation with Iran, 10 January 2007.
Commentary on Security Council Resolution 1696 on Iran, with John Burroughs, 31 July 2006.
Undeclared Nuclear Activities and Outstanding Issues: Clean Bill of Health?, May 2006.
The Iranian Nuclear Dilemma: Referral to the UN Security Council?, 27 September 2005.
The U.S. and the Iranian Nuclear Impasse
Asli Ü. Bâli. Middle East Report, Middle East Reasearch and Information Project, Winter 2006.
A Test of Power
David C. Hendrickson and Robert W. Tucker. The National Interest, 01 September 2006.
We Can Live With a Nuclear Iran
Barry R. Posen. MIT Center for International Studies, March 2006 (.pdf file).
Standing at the Nuclear Precipice: Iran
Asli Ü. Bâli. Paper presented at the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation's
2006 International Law Symposium, 24 February 2006 (.pdf file).
Iran and the West: The Path to Nuclear Deadlock
Seyyed Hossein Mousavian. Global Dialogue, Winter/Spring 2006. Posted on the Commonwealth Institute website (.pdf file).
Iran Needs Nuclear Energy, Not Weapons
Cyrus Safdari. Le Monde Diplomatique, November 2005.
Europe's Mendacity Doomed Iran Talks to Failure
Trita Parsi. Financial Times, 30 August 2005.
Preliminary Analysis of E3/EU Proposal to Iran
British American Security Information Council, 11 August 2005.
Iran's Nuclear Program: 6-Part Series
Muhammad Sahimi. Payvand, 02 October 2003 - 09 September 2005. Posted on the Commonwealth Institute website.
Background and Information Sites
An Unnecessary Crisis: Setting the Record Straight about Iran's Nuclear Program
Iran's Permanent Mission to United Nations in New York. Published as advertisement in New York Times on 18 November 2005.
Facts and Figures on Iranian Nuclear Policy
Ali Asghar Soltanieh. Journal of Turkish Weekly, 16 October 2005.
Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran
International Atomic Energy Agency, 06 June 2003 (.pdf file).
IAEA and Iran
International Atomic Energy Agency.
Iranian Nuclear Crisis Timeline
dKosopedia.
The Iran Nuclear Dilemma: LCNP Resources
The Lawyers' Committee on Nuclear Policy, Inc.
Gordon Prather Archives
Antiwar.com.
Iran: Documents, News and Analysis
Compiled by the Arms Control Association.
Iran Nuclear Watch
Compiled by the Center for Arms Control and Nonproliferation.
The Iranian Bomb in a MAD World
Dilip Hiro. TomDispatch.com, 13 June 2007. Posted on TomPaine.com.
ElBaradei: NPT Tattering Because Big Boys Continue to Rely on Nuclear Weapons
BBC interview with Mohamed ElBaradei. Transcript by the Campaign Against Sanctions and Military Intervention in Iran, 04 June 2007.
Nuclear Hypocrisy and Iran
Frida Berrigan. Foreign Policy in Focus, 01 March 2007.
The Future of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
Janet Bloomfield. Oxford Research Group, January 2007 (.pdf file).
Rethinking Nuclear Nonproliferation
Charles Peña. Antiwar.com, 19 January 2006.
Taking the Wind Out of the Perfect Geopolitical Storm: Iran and the Crisis over Non-proliferation
Ian Davis and Paul Ingram. Foreign Policy in Focus, 23 November 2005.
Undermining the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty: It Didn't Start with the Bush Administration
Stephen Zunes. Foreign Policy in Focus, 08 June 2005 (.pdf file).
Nuclear Deterrence, Preventive War, and Counterproliferation
Jeffrey Record. Cato Institute, 08 July 2004 (.pdf file).
What Colin Powell Showed Us: The End of Arms Control and the Normalization of War
Carl Conetta. Project on Defense Alternatives Briefing Report #14, 5 May 2003.
Debunking the Neocons' Iran War Measure
Gareth Porter. Huffington Post, 27 September 2007. Posted on the AlterNet website.
The Victor?
Amb. Peter Galbraith. New York Review of Books, 11 October 2007 issue. Posted on The Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation website on 20 September 2007.
New Arms Claim Reveals Cheney-Military Rift
Gareth Porter. Inter Press Service, 21 June 2007. Posted on the Common Dreams website.
Is Iran Abetting the Taliban?
Lionel Beehner. Council on Foreign Relations, 14 June 2007.
Iranian Support For Violence in Iraq: A Review of the Evidence
Jacob Halpin. British American Security Information Council, May 2007 (.pdf file).
Why Iran 'Meddles' in Iraq
Adam Shatz. Los Angeles Times, 18 February 2007.
In Iraq, Anyone Can Make a Bomb
Andrew Cockburn. Los Angeles Times, 16 February 2007.
U.S. Makes Case That Iran Arms Flow into Iraq
Tina Susman and Borzou Daragahi. Los Angeles Times, 12 February 2007.
Target Tehran: Washington Sets Stage for a New Confrontation
Patrick Cockburn. The Independent, 12 February 2007.
The Danger of Bush's Anti-Iran Fatwa
Juan Cole. Salon.com, 30 January 2007.
Iranian Reveals Plan to Expand Role in Iraq
James Glanz. The New York Times, 29 January 2007.
Troops Authorized to Kill Iranian Operatives in Iraq
Dafna Linzer. Washington Post, 26 January 2007.
Scant Evidence Found of Iran-Iraq Arms Link
Alexandra Zavis and Greg Miller. Los Angeles Times, 23 January 2007.
Iraq Signals Changes in Protocols With Iran
James Glanz. The New York Times, 19 January 2007.
Opening a New Front in the War, Against Iranians in Iraq
David E. Sanger. The New York Times, 15 January 2007.
British Find No Evidence Of Arms Traffic From Iran
Ellen Knickmeyer. Washington Post, 04 October 2006.
The Alleged Destabilizing Iranian Role in Iraq
Ehsan Ahrari. Foreign Policy in Focus, 06 July 2006.
Top U.S. Military Official: No Evidence of Iran Involvement in Iraq
Bill Brubaker. Washington Post, 14 March 2006.
Iran Bombs Link: Retraction or Non-retraction?
Paul Reynolds. BBC News, 10 January 2006.
The Iraq War is Over, and the Winner is... Iran
Juan Cole. Salon.com, 21 July 2005.
Iran in Iraq: How Much Influence?
International Crisis Group, 21 March 2005 (.pdf file).
More Information
Regional Repercussions Archive
War Report, Project on Defense Alternatives.
Bush Sanctions 'Black Ops' Against Iran
Tim Shipman. The Telegraph, UK, 27 May 2007. Posted on the International Institute for Strategic Studies website.
Military Intervention in Iran: Why and How
Stephen Blanchette, Jr. Institute of Land Warfare, March 2007 (.pdf file).
From Mega Surge to Dual Rollback
Siddharth Varadarajan. The Hindu, 07 February 2007.
Bush's Iraq Plan - Goading Iran into War
Trita Parsi. Inter Press Service, 12 January 2007.
What We Wanted to Tell You About Iran
Flyntt Leverett. New America Foundation, 22 December 2006.
Iran Hawks Reorganize
Laura Rozen. The American Prospect, 13 November 2006.
No Security Guarantee for Iran, Rice Says
Douglass K. Daniel. The Associated Press, 21 May 2006. Posted on the Washington Post website.
Iran Freedom and Regime Change Politics
Tom Barry. International Relations Center Right Web, 19 May 2006.
Iran: Rogue State?
Ali Mostashari. MIT Center for International Studies, November 2005 (.pdf file).
Will Iran Be Next?
James Fallows. The Atlantic Monthly, December 2004.
Background and Information Sites
HR 6198: Iran Freedom Support Act
House bill passed by Senate on 30 September 2006. Posted on the Govtrack website (.pdf file).
Iran Policy Committee Profile
Iran Policy Committee.
The Costs of Containing Iran: Washington's Misguided New Middle East Policy
Vali Nasr and Ray Takeyh. Foreign Affairs, January/February 2008. Posted on the Harvard Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs website.
The U.S and Iran after the NIE
Farideh Farhi. Audit of the Conventional Wisdom, MIT Security Studies Program, December 2007 (.pdf file).
War Is Peace, Sanctions Are Diplomacy
Carah Ong. Middle East Report Online, 23 November 2007. Posted on the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation website.
Negotiating With Iran
James Dobbins. Testimony before the House Committee on Oversight and
Government Reform, Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, 07 November 2007 (.pdf file).
The Secret History of the Impending War with Iran That the White House Doesn't Want You to Know
John H. Richardson. Esquire, November 2007.
The Case for Bombing Iran
Norman Podhoretz. Commentary, June 2007 (.pdf file).
The Redirection
Seymour Hersh. The New Yorker, 05 March 2007.
Iraq in the Strategic Context
Zbigniew Brzezinski. Testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 01 February 2007 (.pdf file).
Bush's Three-Front Blunder
Gareth Porter. Asia Times, 31 January 2007.
Iran: Assessing Geopolitical Dynamics and U.S. Policy Options
Ray Takeyh. Testimony before the House Committee on Armed Services, 08 June 2006.
The United States, Israel, and the Possible Attack on Iran
Stephen Zunes. Foreign Policy in Focus, 28 April 2006.
Strategy, Security and War in Iraq: The United States and the Gulf in the 21 Century
James A. Russell. Cambridge Review of International Affairs, July 2005 (.pdf file).
The Politics of Hegemony: The United States and Iran
James A. Bill. Middle East Policy, September 2001 (.pdf file).
Oil and Security
Clifford Singer. The Stanley Foundation, January 2008 (.pdf file).
Iran: What the U.S. Isn't Telling
Matthew M. Allen. The International Institute of Strategic Studies, 01 July 2006.
The New Axis of Oil
Flynt Leverett and Pierre Noel. The National Interest, Summer 2006.
In The Heart of Pipelineistan
Pepe Escobar. Asia Times, 17 March 2006. Posted on the Global Policy Forum website.
The Inevitable Peaking of World Oil Production
Robert L. Hirsch. The Atlantic Council of the United States, October 2005 (.pdf file).
Iran's Oil Gambit - and Potential Affront to the U.S.
Howard LaFranchi. The Christian Science Monitor, 30 August 2005. Posted on the Global Policy Forum website.
Oil, Geopolitics, and the Coming War with Iran
Michael T. Klare. TomDispatch.com, 11 April 2005. Posted on the Global Policy Forum website.
From Free Oil to 'Freedom Oil'? Terrorism, War and US Geopolitics in the Persian Gulf
Philippe Le Billon and Fouad El Khatib. Geopolitics, July 2003 (.pdf file).
Speech at the Institute of Petroleum 1999 Autumn Lunch
Dick Cheney. Full text of speech at the Institute of Petroleum Autumn lunch, 1999.
Manifest Destiny: A New Direction for America
William Pfaff. The New York Review of Books, 15 February 2007.
The Militarization of U.S. Foreign Policy
Mel Goodman. Foreign Policy in Focus, February 2004 (.pdf file).
In Search of Monsters to Destroy: American Empire in the New Millenium
Juan Alsace. Parameters, August 2003 (.pdf file).
Military Globalism
William Greider. The Nation, 31 March 2003.
Essential Elements Missing in the National Security Strategy of 2002
Charles Knight. PDA Commentary, 09 October 2002.
Bush's Grand Strategy
Andrew J. Bacevich. The American Conservative. Posted on the Commonwealth Institute website, 29 September 2002 (.pdf file).
Toward Universal Empire: The Dangerous Quest for Absolute Security
David C. Hendrickson. World Policy Journal, Fall 2002 (.pdf file).
Down in the Flood: The Senate's Blank Check for War on Iran
Chris Floyd. Empire Burlesque, author's blog, 12 July 2007.
Yet Another Déjà vu
George C. Wilson. National Journal, 22 June 2007. Posted on the Center for Defense Information website.
Cheney Pushes Bush To Act on Iran
Ewen MacAskill and Julian Borger. The Guardian, 16 July 2007.
Right Wing Itches to Strike Iran
John Tirman. AlterNet, 26 May 2007.
From the Wonderful Folks Who Brought You Iraq
Craig Unger. Vanity Fair, March 2007.
No War with Iran: Where Congress Can Draw the Line
James Fallows. The Atlantic Monthly, 04 February 2007.
Bush Is Hiding the Ball on Iran
Robert Parry. Information Clearing House, 03 February 2007.
The United States and Iran: The Logic of War
Paul Rogers. Open Democracy, 01 February 2007.
The Next Act
Seymour Hersh. The New Yorker, 27 November 2006.
Iran: The Next War
James Bamford. Rolling Stone, 24 July 2006.
The Iran Plans
Seymour Hersh. The New Yorker, 17 April 2006.
Fool Me Twice
Joseph Cirincione. Foreign Policy, March 2006.
Background
Bush's Useful Idiots
Tony Judt. London Review of Books, 21 September 2006.
Turning Ahmadinejad into Public Enemy No. 1
Juan Cole. Salon.com, 24 September 2007.
Consider the Source: 'NYT' Reporter Targets Iran
Greg Mitchell. Editor & Publisher, 03 July 2007.
Caught Red-Handed: Media Backtracks on Iran's Anti-Israel 'Threat'
Arash Norouzi. Mossadegh Project, 25 June 2007.
IAEA Report Contradicts Major Media Narrative On Iran
Sean-Paul Kelley. The Agonist, 23 May 2007.
'Wash Post' Joins 'NYT' in Trumpeting 'Anonymous' Claims on Iranian Weapons in Iraq
Greg Mitchell. Editor & Publisher, 11 February 2007.
NYT Falls for Bogus Iran Weapons Charges
Juan Cole. Informed Comment, 11 February 2007.
What to Ask Before the Next War
Paul R. Pillar. Washington Post, 04 February 2007.
Won't Get Fooled Again?
Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 02 February 2007.
'Wiped off the Map' - The Rumor of the Century
Arash Norouzi. The Mossadegh Project, 20 January 2007.
The Iran Crisis
Norman Solomon. Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 06 February 2006.
Rhetoric of War: First Iraq, then Iran
Cyrus Safdari. Global Dialogue, Winter-Spring 2006.
Buying the Bush Line on Iran Nukes
Steve Rendall. Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, September/October 2005.
The Press and Public Misperceptions About the Iraq War
Steven Kull. Words and Reflections, Nieman Reports, Harvard University, Summer 2004 (.pdf file).
Threat Inflation and the Failure of the Marketplace of Ideas: The Selling of The Iraq War
Chaim Kaufman. International Security, Summer 2004 (.pdf file).
Media Coverage of Weapons of Mass Destruction
Susan D. Moeller. University of Maryland, College Park, 09 March 2004 (.pdf file).
More Information
Media Matters for America - Iran page
Media Matters for America.
Shifting Targets: The Administration's Plan for Iran
Seymour Hersh. The New Yorker, 08 October 2007.
Why Did Israel Attack Syria?
Jonathan Cook. Information Clearing House, 27 September 2007.
Secret U.S. Air Force Team to Perfect Plan for Iran Strike
Sarah Baxter. The Times, UK, 23 September 2007.
Israel Sends Middle East a Message With Syrian Airstrike
Ilene R. Prusher. The Christian Science Monitor, 19 September 2007.
Bush Setting America Up For War with Iran
Philip Sherwell and Tim Shipman. The Telegraph, UK, 17 September 2007.
Considering a War with Iran: A Discussion Paper on WMD in the Middle East
Dan Plesch and Martin Butcher. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, September 2007 (.pdf file).
Osirak Redux? Assessing Israeli Capabilities to Destroy Iranian Nuclear Facilities
Whitney Raas and Austin Long. International Security, Spring 2007 (.pdf file).
War is Not the Answer: The Medical and Public Health Consequences of Attacking Iran
Martin Butcher. Physicians for Social Responsibility, March 2007 (.pdf file).
Would Air Strikes Work? Understanding Iran's Nuclear Programme and the Possible Consequences of a Military Strike
Frank Barnaby. Oxford Research Group, March 2007 (.pdf file).
U.S. Able to Strike in the Spring
Ewen MacAskill. The Guardian, 10 February 2007.
Getting Serious About Iran: A Military Option
Arthur Herman. Commentary, November 2006.
How an Attack Would Unfold: A Military Assault on Nuclear Plants in Iran Remains an Option for U.S.
Matthew B. Stannard. San Francisco Chronicle, 01 October 2006.
The End of the Summer of Diplomacy: Assessing U.S. Military Options on Iran
Col. Sam Gardiner. The Century Foundation, 18 September 2006 (.pdf file).
What Would War Look Like?
Michael Duffy. TIME Magazine, 17 September 2006. Posted on the Truthout website.
Background and Information Sites
Target Iran - Military Options
GlobalSecurity.org.
Early Warning Iran Archive
William M. Arkin. Early Warning, WashingtonPost.com.
Will A Strategic Bombing Campaign Defeat Iran?
Chuck Spinney. Defense and the National Interest, 24 November 2007.
General, You Have the Advantage of Time: Iran's Response to the US Military Option
Col. Sam Gardiner. British American Security Information Council, February 2007 (.pdf file).
The Bottom Line on Iran: The Costs and Benefits of Preventive War versus Deterrence
Justin Logan. Cato Institute, 04 December 2006.
Iran: Gulf War III?
Charles V. Pena. The American Conservative, 05 June 2006.
Iran: Consequences of a War
Paul Rogers. Oxford Research Group, February 2006 (.pdf file).
Meeting the Enemy with Serious Talks of Extraordinary Scope
Charles Knight. OpEdNews.com, 05 January 2009.
Yes, We Really Must Talk With Iran
Charles Knight and Chris Toensing. CommonDreams.org, 28 October 2008.
Can P5+1 Offer Break Iran Nuclear Stalemate?
Trita Parsi. Antiwar.com, 10 May 2008.
A Solution for the US-Iran Nuclear Standoff
Jim Walsh. The New York Review of Books, 20 March 2008.
Get Tehran Inside of the Tent
Vali Nasr and Ray Takeyh. International Herald Tribune, 06 December 2007. Posted on the Harvard Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs website.
The Iranian Challenge
Trita Parsi. The Nation, 19 November 2007.
All or Nothing: The Case for a U.S.-Iranian 'Grand Bargain'
Flynt Leverett. Testimony before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, 07 November 2007.
U.S. Diplomacy Toward Iran
Suzanne Maloney. Testimony before the House Committee on Oversight and
Government Reform, Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, 07 November 2007 (.pdf file).
The World Can Live With a Nuclear Iran
Martin van Creveld. The Forward, 24 September 2007. Posted on the Defense and the National Interest website.
Burning the Ships? Iran and the United States
Nathan Gonzalez. Foreign Policy in Focus, 12 September 2007.
Iran Strategy Stirs Debate at White House
Helene Cooper and David E. Sanger. The New York Times, 16 June 2007.
Iran and the United States: The Emerging Security Paradigm in the Middle East
Gawdat Bahgat. Parameters, Summer 2007 (.pdf file).
Exit From Iraq Should Be Through Iran
William E. Odom. YaleGlobal, 29 May 2007.
The Iran Puzzle
Ray Takeyh. The American Prospect, 22 May 2007.
How Cheney Ensures Diplomatic Failure With Iran
Gareth Porter. The American Prospect, 22 May 2007.
Why Iran Will Have the Bomb
Alain Chouet. European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center, 03 May 2007 (.pdf file).
The Use of Voluntary Safeguards to Build Trust in States' Nuclear Programmes: The Case of Iran
James Acton and Joanna Little. Vertic, May 2007.
Thinking Outside the Box: Exploring Legal Approaches to Build Confidence in Iran's Nuclear Programme
Andreas Persbo. Vertic, May 2007.
Resolving the Iranian Nuclear Crisis: A Review of Policies and Proposals 2006
Martin F. Jakobsen and Nicholas Bowen. Danish Institute for International Studies, April 2007 (.pdf file).
Iran and the Role of the Security Council
Michael Spies. The Lawyers' Committee on Nuclear Policy, Inc., 08 March 2007.
Time for Détente With Iran
Ray Takeyh. Foreign Affairs, March/April 2007.
The Iran Option That Isn't on the Table
Vali Nasr and Ray Takeyh. Washington Post, 08 February 2007.
Time to Talk: The Case for Diplomatic Solutions on Iran
Coalition on think-tanks, NGOs etc. Posted on the Guardian website, 05 February 2007 (.pdf file).
Neither Sanctions Nor Bombs Will End the Iran Nuclear Crisis
Roger Howard. The Guardian, 11 January 2007.
Time to Lift Iran's Sanctions
Roger Howard. Foreign Policy in Focus, 04 January 2007.
Coercive Diplomacy by the EU: The Case of Iran
Tom Sauer. Netherlands Institution of International Relations, January 2007 (.pdf file).
A Win-Win U.S. Strategy for Dealing with Iran
Michael McFaul, Abbas Milani, and Larry Diamond. The Washington Quarterly, Winter 2006-07 (.pdf file).
A Test of Power
David C. Hendrickson and Robert W. Tucker. The National Interest, 01 September 2006.
Resolving the Nuclear Dispute with Iran by Negotiation
Keith Putnam-Delaney and Paul Ingram. British American Security Information Council, 31 August 2006 (.pdf file).
The Smarter U.S. Option: A Full Summit with Iran
George A. Lopez and David Cortright. The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, June 2006 (.pdf file).
Of Mullahs And MADness
Paul Starobin. The National Journal, 19 May 2006.
Background
Iraq in the Strategic Context
Zbigniew Brzezinski. Testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 01 February 2007 (.pdf file).
We Can Live With a Nuclear Iran
Barry R. Posen. MIT Center for International Studies, March 2006 (.pdf file).
Meet 'The Decider' of Tehran. It's Not the Hothead You Expect
Vali Nasr. Washington Post, 09 December 2007. Posted on the Harvard Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs website.
Iran's 'Security Outlook'
Farideh Farhi. Middle East Reasearch and Information Project, 09 July 2007.
Surrounded: Seeing the World from Iran's Point of View
Houman A. Sadri. Military Review, July/August 2007 (.pdf file).
Polling Iranian Public Opinion: An Unprecedented Nationwide Survey of Iran
Terror Free Tomorrow, Summer 2007 (.pdf file).
Is Iran Facing an Economic Crisis?
Kelly Campbell. U.S. Institute of Peace, May 2007.
'Shiite Crescent' Might Not Be What It Seems
Brenda Shaffer. The Baltimore Sun, 25 April 2007. Posted on the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs website at Harvard University.
Who Rules Ahmadinejad's Iran?
Hesham Sallam, Andrew Mandelbaum, and Robert Grace. U.S. Institute of Peace, April 2007.
Iranian Factionalism and Leadership Politics
Babak Ganji. Conflict Studies Research Centre, March 2007 (.pdf file).
Target Iran - Countdown Timeline
GlobalSecurity.org.
MEPC Iran Archive
Middle East Policy Council.
Iran and West Asia
Siddharth Varadarajan. Reality, One Bite at a Time.
Regional News for Iran
Antiwar.com.
War with Iran?
Mark Rigstad. JustWarTheory.com.
The Presidential Candidates on Iran
Compiled by the Council on Foreign Relations.
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