{"version":"1.0","provider_name":"Project on Defense Alternatives","provider_url":"https:\/\/comw.org\/pda","author_name":"cknight","author_url":"https:\/\/comw.org\/pda\/author\/cknight\/","title":"Beyond pleasant lunches \u2013 How independent research and new ideas played a role in ending the Cold War:\u00a0A retrospective on the years 1987-1989 &#8211; Project on Defense Alternatives","type":"rich","width":600,"height":338,"html":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"8MdcB7rjDK\"><a href=\"https:\/\/comw.org\/pda\/beyondpleasantlunches-blurb\/\">Beyond pleasant lunches \u2013 How independent research and new ideas played a role in ending the Cold War:\u00a0A retrospective on the years 1987-1989<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"https:\/\/comw.org\/pda\/beyondpleasantlunches-blurb\/embed\/#?secret=8MdcB7rjDK\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" title=\"&#8220;Beyond pleasant lunches \u2013 How independent research and new ideas played a role in ending the Cold War:\u00a0A retrospective on the years 1987-1989&#8221; &#8212; Project on Defense Alternatives\" data-secret=\"8MdcB7rjDK\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><\/iframe><script>\n\/*! This file is auto-generated *\/\n!function(d,l){\"use strict\";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&\"undefined\"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!\/[^a-zA-Z0-9]\/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),c=new RegExp(\"^https?:$\",\"i\"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display=\"none\";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute(\"style\"),\"height\"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):\"link\"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute(\"src\")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener(\"message\",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll(\"iframe.wp-embedded-content\"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute(\"data-secret\"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+=\"#?secret=\"+t,e.setAttribute(\"data-secret\",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:\"ready\",secret:t},\"*\")},!1)))}(window,document);\n\/\/# sourceURL=https:\/\/comw.org\/pda\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-embed.min.js\n<\/script>\n","description":"In what circumstances do new ideas get noticed and made use of by powerful persons and institutions?\u00a0 What types and levels of idea development are most likely to gain the attention of national leaders who tend to be relentlessly pragmatic?\u00a0","thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/comw.org\/pda\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Shevardnadze-and-Gorbachev.jpg","thumbnail_width":279,"thumbnail_height":225}